State of art of bathymetric surveys

Technological advances in bathymetric equipment, positioning capacity, data processing, as well the development of new ways obtaining depth and other exploring submerged bottom, have been noticed recent years. It is known that acoustic remote sensing most widely used technique for measurement. Survey systems can be embedded on various platforms also provide different accuracies. Coupled to these are Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), auxiliary sensors speed profilers, improving accuracy obtained. Alternatively use echo sounders, optical (active passive sensors) or satellite radar altimetry estimate depth. Thus, this study aims present an overview survey methodologies, evolution sounding platforms, existing technologies. In addition, main uncertainties involved advantages disadvantages available solutions evidenced, providing reader ability choose appropriate technique.